Electrical Resistance Corrosion Measurements Employing Alternating Current

Electrical stimulation using kilohertz-frequency alternating current.

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation using kilohertz-frequency alternating current (AC) became popular in the 1950s with the introduction of "interferential currents," promoted as a means of producing depth-efficient stimulation of nerve and muscle. Later, "Russian current" was adopted as a means of muscle strengthening. This article reviews some clinically relevant, laboratory-based studies t...

A Current-Mode Single-Resistance-Controlled Oscillator Employing VDCC and All Grounded Passive Elements

Realization of a novel single-resistance-controlled oscillator, employing an active element and all grounded passive elements, is the purpose of this manuscript. With requirements for completing the design being only a single Voltage Differencing Current Conveyor and four grounded passive components, it is also a preferable choice for integrated circuit implementation. The designed circuit has ...

Corrosion Behavior of X80 Steel with Coupled Coating Defects under Alternating Current Interference in Alkaline Environment

The corrosion behavior of X80 steel in the presence of coupled coating defects was simulated and studied under the interference of alternating current (AC) in an alkaline environment. The results from electrochemical measurements showed that the electrode potential of the coating defect with the smaller exposed area was lower than that with the larger area, which indicated that the steel with t...

Noise investigation of the orthogonal fluxgate employing alternating direct current bias

Alternating dc bias enables eliminating offset in orthogonal fluxgates operated in fundamental mode. However, the alternating dc bias reversals increase the fluxgate magnetic noise. It is shown in this work that the excess magnetic noise is related to the dynamics of the magnetic domains in the fluxgate core. The alternating dc bias reverses the fluxgate core magnetization causing nucleating do...

Corrosion Barrier Development for LBE Corrosion Resistance